Artículos Originales |
Se realiza un estudio epidemiológico longitudinal de las características clínico epidemiológicas asociadas al cáncer de cérvix en Tungurahua, para identificar grupos poblacionales vulnerables, zonas de mayor riesgo para intervenciones destinadas al diagnóstico precoz de la enfermedad dado que este tumor es la primera causa de muerte por neoplasias malignas en la mujeres de la provincia y el Ecuador, afectando a estratos sociales pobres. En el año 2003 la tasa de mortalidad del país fue 9,8; en Tungurahua16,8 x 100.000 mujeres. Material y Métodos.- Se analiza los casos nuevos de cáncer de cérvix invasor y CIS, diagnosticados en Tungurahua entre 1997– 2003 obtenidos en unidades de salud públicas, privadas y ONG´s, revisando historias clínicas, resultados de citología, histopatología, etc.
Resultados y Conclusiones.- Se captó y registró 500 casos nuevos, 358 (71,6%) son cáncer invasor, edad promedio 57 años (rango: 26 - 96 años). Los 142 (28,4%) CIS ocurrieron en promedio a los 44 años (rango: 21 - 83 años); el cantón Baños presenta la mayor incidencia de cáncer invasor y CIS; el 78% ocurren en analfabetas, y con baja escolaridad, en plena edad productiva, soporte de sus familias, el hogar y la sociedad. Los diagnósticos son tardíos (solo 20% son estadio I). 77,6% tienen estudio histopatológico. La mitad de los casos son diagnosticados por SOLCA Ambato, principalmente CIS. Se demuestra que el cáncer de cérvix está ligado a la pobreza; para superarlo, debe implementarse programas de educación, prevención en cantones de mayor incidencia, mejorar los sistemas de cooperación interinstitucional de unidades que trabajan en salud fortaleciendo el sistema de Registro de Cáncer de Tungurahua.
Palabras Claves: cáncer cérvix invasor, incidencia, CIS (Cáncer In Situ).
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| Abstract: | |
A long South America and the Caribbean countries the uterine camcer shows highly rates affecting all the social structure in their societies. In Ecuador high rates were found all over the country becoming the first place in cancer diseases, except in Quito where this is on third place. According to the Ecuadorian Census and Statistics Nacional Institute in 2003 cervix cancer death rete reached the 9,8 by 100.000women affected, becoming the second reason for women to die due to malimagnat tumors in Ecuador. In Tungurahua the mortality rete due to this thease reached the 16,8 these parameters will help us to set prevention programs to control the diase. METHOLOGY AND MATERIALS USED IN THE RESEARCH.: The cases of women affected by crvix cancer and in Situ cancer from 1997 to 2003 in the province of Tungurahua are analyzed in the following research, cases registered in public or private health centers and NGO`s the survery is based on Clinic historicalñ registers an d cytologists and histologist laboratories results. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: 500 cervix cancer cases were detected, 358 (71,6%) of them diagnised with invader cancer in women betwwen 26 to 96 years, which average age is 57 years; the rest, 142 or28,4% of cases diagnosed with In Situ Cancer in ladies between 21 and 83 yeras with an age average of 44. The canton with a major incidence of Invader Cncer is Baños, where 78% of cases effect women with a low standard of living, some of them are illiterate and most of them are the economic support for their families. Most of cases are diagnosed lately just 20% of them are diagnosed on stage number one, 77,6% of cases have histology studies and the half of them mostly In Situ cancer cases are diagnosed by SOLCA Ambato. As the survery results show that ,most of Cervix Cancer affect or are related to poverty the solution must be focus in health preventing programs to improve the performance of the Tungurahua Cancer Register Key Words: Uterine Cancer, incidence |
Autor(es) : Dr. Eduardo Echeverría Muñoz, Dra. Aida Aguilar Salazar,
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