Artículos de Revisión |
La LLA es la neoplasia más frecuente en la infancia. En 1965, el porcentaje de curaciones era del 5%. En la actualidad sobrepasa el 70%. Las características biológicas, citogenéticas y moleculares de las células leucémicas contribuyen a su mejor clasificación. Los factores pronósticos tienen mucha importancia, sobre todo el genotipo de los blastos. Existen muchos protocolos de tratamiento pero en sí casi todos se emplean las fases de inducción, intensificación, profilaxis de la leucemia meníngenea y mantenimiento. Palabras Claves: Leucemia Linfoblástica (LLA).
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Abstract: | |
Acute Iymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most frequent cancer in childhoo. In 1965 only 5% of the patients were cured; currently this figure is over 70%. The biology of the leukemic cell and its molecular and cytogenetical characteristics help to a better understanding of the disease. These and other pronostic factors, mainly the leukemic genotype are very important. In almost all the current therapeutic protocols for ALL the following phases are included: induction, intensification, CNS propylaxis and maintenance. In some high-risk patients, hematopoietic stem cell transplation could be a curative approach. The psycosocial support of the patient and his family is fundamental. Currently, there is great concern about long-term treatment side effects, second neoplasms, cardiotoxicity and neuro toxicity. The number of children with cancer in the underdeveloped countries is five times the amount of the developed ones. Consequently, the pediatric oncohematologists in Latin America will face a great challenge in the next century: to provide a treatment for children with ALL that vield the same results as those obtained in developed countries. Key Words: Leukemia Lymphoblastic (ALL) |
Autor(es) : Dr. Alejandro González Otero, Dra. Eva Guerchicott,
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